Most Affordable IAS Coaching in India  

Whatsapp 93132-18734 For Details

India's Achievements in Science & Technology UPSC CSE

Indian Achievements in Science and Technology

Get Free IAS Booklet

Get Free IAS Booklet

Summary of Achievements of India in Science and Technology

India's rich heritage of scientific exploration which dates back to ancient times has laid the foundation for modern achievements in science and technology. India's journey in science is spread across diverse sectors, from space exploration to biotechnology and information technology (IT). Notable achievements include the successful Mars mission Mangalyaan, Chandrayaan Missions, the development of indigenous missiles like Agni and Akash, and breakthroughs in healthcare such as the development of Covaxin. The country's flourishing IT industry and initiatives like Aadhaar and UPI are of global significance. Despite challenges like the need for increased R&D investment and skilled workforce development, India's commitment to innovation makes it a key player in shaping the future of science and technology on a global scale.

Buddha talked about four noble truths which can lead to enlightenment. These are the truth of suffering, the truth of the cause of suffering, the truth of the end of suffering, and the truth of the path that leads to the end of suffering.

It is a four-faced lion-headed capital pillar which was found at Sarnath and dates back to 250BC. It was placed atop a pillar by Ashoka. It is now a prominent part of the National Emblem of India showing the Horse on the left and the Bull on the right of the Ashoka Chakra in the circular base on which the four Indian lions are standing back to back. On the other sides, a lion and a galloping horse are also found. The base of the capital is a bell-shaped inverted lotus. It is highly polished and was made out of a single sandstone. It is very well preserved despite centuries of decay and displacement which is a testament to the craftsmanship and scientific knowledge of Ashokan times.

Background of Achievements of India in Science and Technology

India boasts a rich heritage of scientific exploration. Ancient Indian scholars made significant contributions to mathematics (the concept of zero), astronomy (developed sophisticated calendars), and medicine (Ayurveda). This legacy laid the foundation for modern scientific institutions like the Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Indian Institute of Technology(IIT) and Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC). These institutions have nurtured a vibrant scientific ecosystem in India. In a world increasingly driven by innovation, India has emerged as a major player, making significant strides across diverse scientific and technological fields.

Introduction of Achievements of India in Science and Technology

India's journey in science and technology is a story of remarkable achievements and milestones that has put the nation on the global stage for innovation and research. India has made significant achievements across various fields, ranging from space exploration to biotechnology and information technology(IT). According to Startup India, India has the third largest startup ecosystem in the world, with more than 1.25 lakh startups and 110 unicorns. India's prowess in IT and software development has earned it the reputation of being a global IT hub, with Indian tech companies and professionals making substantial contributions to the digital revolution. These achievements underscore India's commitment to using the power of science and technology for the betterment of society. Below are the major Indian Achievements in Science and Tech in various sectors.

Ancient India

While India's modern scientific achievements are impressive, its ancient contributions hold immense value.

Medieval India

Modern India

Space: India's space program is a shining example of its scientific prowess. Missions like Chandrayaan-1, the first lunar probe, and Mangalyaan, the first Mars orbiter from an Asian nation, have captured the world's imagination.


Defence: Self-reliance in defence is a cornerstone of India's strategic vision. The country has developed a robust indigenous defence industry, producing advanced missiles like the Akash and Agni series, as well as state-of-the-art fighter jets like the Tejas.

Biotech and Healthcare

India's biotechnology sector is witnessing phenomenal growth. Scientists are making significant strides in gene editing, a revolutionary technology with vast medical applications. India's development of Covaxin, a crucial vaccine in the fight against COVID-19, showcases its capacity for innovation in healthcare.

Digital Public Infrastructure and IT

In today's digital age, IT is paramount. The country's flourishing IT industry is a major contributor to the global economy, with expertise in software development and information technology services.

Energy

Emerging Technology

India is rapidly emerging as a hub for innovation in various emerging technologies.

Government Schemes

Government is providing continued support through schemes focussing on funding, research collaborations, and infrastructure development which will propel India's position as a global leader in Science and technology(S&T).

Significance of Science and technology

Science is the invisible thread woven intricately into the fabric of our daily lives. From the moment we wake up to the second we drift off to sleep, we're surrounded by the products of scientific advancements. The Technology We Use, The Medicine We Take, The Food We Eat, The Clothes We Wear, and The Communication We Enjoy, all are made possible through the use of science. Science is the driving force behind the progress and innovation that shape our world.

Issues and Challenges

Contribution of Eminent Personalities

Conclusion of Achievements of India in Science and Technology

In conclusion, India's achievements in science and technology stand as a proof for its commitment to innovation and progress. From ancient contributions in mathematics and medicine to modern-day advancements in space exploration, biotechnology, and information technology, India has continually pushed the boundaries of scientific inquiry. Moreover, India's emergence as a global leader in various sectors, such as space, defense, healthcare, and emerging technologies like AI and blockchain, underscores its growing influence on the world stage. By addressing the challenges and leveraging its scientific prowess, India can continue to drive innovation and contribute to global progress in the years to come.

Prelims PYQS of India's Achievements in Science & Technology

With reference to agriculture in India, how can the technique of ‘genome sequencing',often seen in the news, be used in the immediate future? (2017)
1. Genome sequencing can be used to identify genetic markers for disease resistance and drought tolerance in various crop plants.
2. This technique helps in reducing the time required to develop new varieties of crop plants.
3. It can be used to decipher the host pathogen relationships in crops.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Correct Answer :(d) 1, 2 and 3
Consider the following statements: (2023)
1. Ballistic missiles are jet-propelled at subsonic speeds throughout their fights, while cruise missiles are rocketpowered only in the initial phase of flight.
2. Agni-V is a medium-range supersonic cruise missile, while BrahMos is a solidfuelled intercontinental ballistic missile.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Correct Answer :(d) Neither 1 nor 2
With reference to Agni-IV Missile, which of the following statements is/are correct? (2014)
1. It is a surface-to-surface missile.
2. It is fuelled by liquid propellant only.
3. It can deliver one-tonne nuclear warheads about 7500 km away.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Correct Answer :(a) 1 only
With reference to the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS), consider the following statements: (2018)
1. IRNSS has three satellites in geostationary and four satellites in geosynchronous orbits.
2. IRNSS covers the entire India and about 5500 sq. km beyond its borders.
3. India will have its own satellite navigation system with full global coverage by the middle of 2021.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) None

Correct Answer :(a) 1 only
With reference to India’s satellite launch vehicles, consider the following statements: (2018)
1. PSLVs launch the satellites useful for Earth resources monitoring whereas GSLVs are designed mainly to launch communication satellites.
2. Satellites launched by PSLV appear to remain permanently fixed in the same position in the sky, as viewed from a particular location on Earth.
3. GSLV Mk III is a four-staged launch vehicle with the first and third stages l using solid rocket motors; and the second and fourth stages using liquid rocket engines.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 2 only
(d) 3 only

Correct Answer :(a) 1 only
Consider the following statements: (2016)
1. The Mangalyaan launched by ISRO is also called the Mars Orbiter Mission
2. made India the second country to have a spacecraft orbit the Mars after USA
3. It made India the only country to be successful in making its spacecraft orbit the Mars in its very first attempt
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Correct Answer :(c) 1 and 3 only
In which of the following activities are Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) satellites used? (2015)
1. Assessment of crop productivity
2. Locating groundwater resources
3. Mineral exploration
4. Telecommunications
5. Traffic studies

Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only
(b) 4 and 5 only
(c) 1 and 2 only
(d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5

Correct Answer :(a) 1, 2 and 3 only
In India, the term “Public Key Infrastructure” is used in the context of (2020)
(a) Digital security infrastructure
(b) Food security infrastructure
(c) Health care and education infrastructure
(d) Telecommunication and transportation infrastructure

Correct Answer :(a) Digital security infrastructure
With reference to “Blockchain Technology”, consider the following statements: (2020)
1. It is a public ledger that everyone can inspect but which no single user controls.
2. The structure and design of the blockchain is such that all the data in it are about cryptocurrency only.
3. Applications that depend on basic features of blockchain can be developed without anybody’s permission.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 only
(d) 1 and 3 onl

Correct Answer :(d) 1 and 3 onl
The function of heavy water in a nuclear reactor is to? (2011)
(a) Slow down the speed of neutrons.
(b) Increase the speed of neutrons.
(c) Cooldown the reactor.
(d) Stop the nuclear reaction.

Correct Answer :(a) Slow down the speed of neutrons.
"3D printing" has applications in which of the following? (2018)
1. Preparation of confectionery items
2. Manufacture of bionic ears
3. Automotive industry
4. Reconstructive surgeries
5. Data processing technologies
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1, 3 and 4 only
(b) 2, 3 and 5 only
(c) 1 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5

Correct Answer :(d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
With reference to the use of nanotechnology in the health sector, which of the following statements is/are correct? (2015)
1. Targeted drug delivery is made possible by nanotechnology.
2. Nanotechnology can largely contribute to gene therapy.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Correct Answer :(c) Both 1 and 2

Main PYQS of India's Achievements in Science & Technology

Introduce the concept of Artificial Intelligence (AI). How does AI help clinical diagnosis? Do you perceive any threat to privacy of the individual in the use of Al in healthcare? (2023)
What is the main task of India’s third moon mission which could not be achieved in its earlier mission? List the countries that have achieved this task. Introduce the subsystems in the spacecraft launched and explain the role of the Virtual Launch Control Centre’ at the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre which contributed to the successful launch from Sriharikota (2023)
What is the basic(principle behind vaccine development ? How do vaccines work? What approaches were adopted by the Indian vaccine manufacturers to produce COVID-19 vaccines? (2022)
What are the research in developmental achievements in applied biotechnology? How will these achievements help to uplift the poor sections of the society? (2021)
What do you understand by nanotechnology and how is it helping in health sector? (2020)
Discuss the work of ‘Bose-Einstein Statistics’ done by Prof. Satyendra Nath Bose and show how it revolutionized the field of Physics. (2018)
India’s Traditional Knowledge Digital Library (TKDL) which has a database containing formatted information on more than 2 million medicinal formulations is proving a powerful weapon in the country’s fight against erroneous patents. Discuss the pros and cons making this database publicly available under open-source licensing (2015)
India has achieved remarkable successes in unmanned space missions including the Chandrayaan and Mars Orbitter Mission, but has not ventured into manned space mission, both in terms of technology and logistics? Explain critically. (2017)
Give an account of the growth and development of nuclear science and technology in India. What is the advantage of fast breeder reactor programme in India? (2017)
Discuss India’s achievements in the field of Space Science and Technology. How the application of this technology has helped India in its socio-economic development? (2016)
Why is nanotechnology one of the key technologies of the 21st century? Describe the salient features of Indian Government’s Mission on Nanoscience and Technology and the scope of its application in the development process of the country. (2016)
What do you understand by ‘Standard Positioning Systems’ and ‘Protection Positioning Systems’ in the GPS era? Discuss the advantages India perceives from its ambitious IRNSS programme employing just seven satellites. (2015)
How does the 3D printing technology work? List out the advantages and disadvantages of the technology. (2013)

For Offline/Online Admission Call: 93132-18122

Call Us Whatsapp Us

Book your Free Class

Book your Free Class

ias-academy-form-m