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Deepfakes are synthetic media created using powerful AI tools. They have gained notoriety due to instances like a viral video of an actress and a political deepfake during Telangana elections. India ranks 6th in susceptibility to deepfake adult content. The Ministry of Electronics and IT has issued notices to social media platforms, emphasizing the illegality of online impersonation. Deepfakes are produced using generative adversarial networks(GAN) and they raise concerns about privacy violations. They find applications in film dubbing, augmented reality, medical training, and gaming. While they offer creative possibilities, they pose severe threats, including revenge porn and character assassination. India employs legal measures, such as the IT Act and Copyright Act, to combat deepfakes. There is a need to emphasise global collaboration, responsible AI use, and enhanced digital literacy to address the challenges effectively.
Deepfakes gained attention with the viral spread of a fake video featuring an actress on multiple social media platforms. During the 2023 Telangana State elections, a deepfake video of a Chief Minister endorsing a rival party circulated widely. The Minister of Electronics & Technology (MEITY) emphasized that deepfakes represent a more perilous form of misinformation and urged social media platforms to address the issue. India holds the sixth position among nations most vulnerable to deepfake adult content. MEITY has issued notices to major social media intermediaries, including Facebook, Youtube, and Instagram, reminding them of the illegality of online impersonation under Section 66D of the Information Technology(IT) Act, 2000. The Ministry mandated the prompt removal of such content within 24 hours, aligning with the IT Rules of 2021.
Deepfakes are fabricated content, including videos, images, and audio, which are generated through potent artificial intelligence tools. These synthetic media leverage AI to manipulate or produce visual and auditory elements, typically with the aim of deceiving or misguiding individuals. Deepfakes constitute a part of Deep Synthesis, employing technologies like deep learning and augmented reality to craft virtual scenes using text, images, audio, and video.
The creation of deepfakes involves the utilization of generative adversarial networks (GANs), featuring two opposing neural networks: a generator and a discriminator. The generator produces counterfeit images or videos that mimic realism, while the discriminator works to differentiate between authentic and fake content.
The development of deepfakes necessitates substantial data, such as photos or videos, sourced from the internet or social media, often without the subjects' awareness or consent which raises the privacy concern.
The swift progress in deepfake technology demands proactive actions to tackle the issues linked to its misuse. It is essential to enhance individual responsibility by promoting media literacy among the public, ensuring fact-checking before sharing content, and implementing reporting mechanisms for deepfakes.A strong regulatory framework, comprehensive laws, and international collaboration is the need of the hour. AI is the most powerful tool available against the deepfakes. Through encouraging responsible usage, advancing digital literacy, and setting up thorough regulatory structures, societies can leverage the advantages of AI while guarding against potential harms resulting from the inappropriate use of deepfake technology.
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