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Green crackers are a new kind of firework designed to reduce pollution. Unlike traditional fireworks that cause a lot of air and noise pollution, green crackers make about 30% less pollution. They do this by not using harmful chemicals like barium nitrate. Instead, they use safer materials that don't pollute the air as much. These eco-friendly fireworks come in three main types: SWAS, which releases water vapor; STAR, which makes less noise and pollution; and SAFAL, which uses less harmful metals. Experts say it's better to buy these green crackers from shops that have a special license to sell them. This way, you know you're getting the real thing. Even though green crackers are better for the environment, they still cause some pollution, so it's essential to use them carefully.
The idea for green crackers came from trying to solve the problem of air pollution caused by fireworks, especially during festivals like Diwali in India. In 2018, the Supreme Court banned the use of firecrackers and only allowed "green crackers" for a specific time window. In 2023, the government has put QR codes in place to identify green crackers, and crackers which are not labeled are illegal and are banned. In the past, fireworks have caused a lot of pollution, which is harmful to people's health and the environment. Scientists and environmentalists wanted to find a way to keep the tradition of fireworks but make it safer and cleaner.
Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) and its team at the National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI) created green crackers. These are special fireworks that don't use the most harmful chemicals found in traditional fireworks. The National Green Tribunal (NGT), which adjudicates environmental issues in India said that green crackers could be used in places where the air isn't very clean. This was a big step towards making festivals less harmful to the planet. Green crackers are part of a bigger effort to fight air pollution and protect people's health while still enjoying traditional celebrations.
There are three types of green crackers you can buy:
Traditional firecrackers typically contain
Traditional firecrackers release a variety of toxic metals which can be harmful to health, such as:
Exposure to the chemicals in firecrackers can lead to various health issues:
Advantages:
Disadvantages:
Green crackers, developed by CSIR-NEERI, provide a solution to reduce pollution during festivals. With lower emissions and controlled sound levels, they mitigate environmental and health risks associated with traditional fireworks. Additionally, they contribute to national missions such as reducing particulate matter and align with Sustainable Development Goals 3 and 8, promoting healthy lives, well-being, and sustainable economic growth. However, challenges like limited production and awareness persist. To maximize their impact, promoting more companies to produce green crackers, strict enforcement of regulations, and public education are important steps towards a cleaner and safer celebration culture.
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