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The hoolock gibbon, the smallest and fastest ape, is the only ape found in India and lives in tropical and subtropical forests in southeastern Asia. The Hollongapar Gibbon Sanctuary (HGS) in Assam, home to the endangered Western hoolock gibbon population, is fragmented by a railway track. The sanctuary, which houses 125 individuals in 26 groups, is part of the Lumding-Dibrugarh broad gauge railway section. The Global Gibbon Network (GGN) held its inaugural meeting in Haikou, China, to highlight the critical situation faced by these primates in 2023.
The tailless Hoolock gibbon is the only ape that may be found in India. The ape is native to Eastern Bangladesh, Northeast India, and Southwest China. They eat delicate leaves, fruits, and insects, and they live in tiny colonies on the hillsides of forests. Males and females are distinguished by the color of their coats: males are black, females have a lighter gray-colored coat.
The Global Gibbon Conservation Network Initiative (GGN) was introduced in 2020 by bringing together representatives of twenty groups dedicated to gibbon conservation on International Gibbon Day. The project sought to foster international cooperation and create a global network for the protection of gibbons. Asia's unique history was to be safeguarded and preserved through the GGN, which was organized by Eco Foundation Global and the Hainan Institute of National Parks.
In 1834, American naturalist R. Harlan became the first to describe the hoolock gibbon, which is named for its loud vocalizations and originated in Assam. Zoologists believed that the northeast was home to two different ape species over the years: the western hoolock gibbon (Hoolock hoolock), which is found across the northeast, and the eastern hoolock gibbon (Hoolock leuconedys), which is located in a particular area of Arunachal Pradesh. The Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), located in Hyderabad, conducted a research in 2021 that established the existence of a single ape species in India. The genetic analysis revealed that the previously thought eastern and western hoolock gibbon populations diverged around 1.48 million years ago, and that gibbons diverged from a common ancestor around 8.38 million years ago. It refuted previous findings that the color of its coat indicated that the eastern hoolock gibbon belonged to a different species.
The Hoolock gibbon is the only tailless ape that may be found in India. The ape is native to Eastern Bangladesh, Northeast India, and Southwest China. They eat delicate leaves, fruits, and insects, and they live in tiny colonies on the hillsides of forests. Males and females are distinguished by the color of their coats: males are black, females have a lighter gray-colored coat.
Threat:
The Global Gibbon Conservation Network Initiative (GGN) was introduced in 2020 by bringing together representatives of twenty groups dedicated to gibbon conservation on International Gibbon Day. The project sought to foster international cooperation and create a global network for the protection of gibbons. Asia's unique history was to be safeguarded and preserved through the GGN, which was organized by Eco Foundation Global and the Hainan Institute of National Parks.
Primate species in india
Category of Primate:- They are majorly categorized in three groups:
Important Primate Species in danger in India:-
Arunachal Macaque (Macaca munzala)
Lion-tailed Macaque (Macaca silenus)
Phayre's Leaf Monkey (Trachypithecus Phayrei)
Kashmir Gray Langur (Semnopithecus ajax)
Gee’s Golden Langur (Trachypithecus geei)
Bengal Slow Loris (Nycticebus Bengalensis)
Since the primary threat to apes is the loss of forests, habitat conservation is essential. It is essential to increase awareness within groups residing in peripheral locations. Anti-poaching patrols, animal relocation, raising awareness of conservation concerns, and restoring apes into their natural habitats are some examples of conservation measures for apes. Human activity has put many apes in danger, and by comprehending these risks, scientists may make a substantial contribution to the conservation of apes.
Protected area | Well-known for | |
---|---|---|
1. | Bhitarkanika, Orissa | SaltWater Crocodile |
2. | Desert National Park, Rajasthan | Great Indian Bustard |
3. | Eravikulam, Kerala | Hoolock Gibbon |
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