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Autumn, Spring & Rainy Season in India UPSC CSE

Seasons in India

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Summary of Seasons in India

As per IMD, India experiences four seasons: summer, monsoon, retreating monsoon, and winter. Each season plays a crucial role in shaping ecological cycles, agricultural practices, and cultural traditions. The country's geographical size contributes to this unique seasonal variation. Climate is the long-term atmospheric conditions. Seasons are the recurring periods of distinct weather patterns. Each season has its characteristics, influencing temperature, pressure, wind patterns, and rainfall distribution. Winter brings cooler temperatures, while summer experiences high heat, especially in the northern plains. The monsoon, crucial for agriculture, brings heavy rainfall, impacting various regions differently.

The Indian Meteorological Department designates four official seasons in India: Winter (December to early April), Summer (April to June), Monsoon (June to September), and Post-monsoon/Retreating Monsoon (October to December).

Blossom Showers are observed in Kerala and Karnataka during late April to early June. These showers are beneficial for coffee flowers and are associated with the ripening of mango trees.

The 'October Heat' refers to the phenomenon characterized by clear skies, an increase in temperature, and humidity during the retreating monsoon season. This weather condition is common in October and is marked by uncomfortable conditions.

The monsoon season, lasting from June to September, is crucial for agriculture in India. It brings heavy rainfall, providing relief from the intense summer heat. The timely arrival and distribution of monsoon rains are critical for a successful agricultural year.

Background of Seasons in India

India is a land of diverse landscapes and climates and it experiences a rich variety of seasons throughout the year. The traditional classification includes three primary seasons: summer, monsoon, and winter. Summer is marked by scorching temperatures and the onset of the southwest monsoon, prevails from April to June. The monsoon season, crucial for agriculture, starts around June, bringing life-giving rains to different regions. Post-monsoon, with its pleasant weather, transitions into winter from December to February, bringing relief from the intense heat. Seasons play a crucial role in ecological cycles, agricultural practices, and cultural traditions. Exploring this dynamic system of seasons in India provides a deeper understanding of the country's agricultural cycles, and ecological diversity.

Introduction of Seasons in India

Climate refers to the long-term patterns of temperature, humidity, wind, precipitation, and other atmospheric conditions in a specific region over an extended period such as centuries. The climate of India can broadly be classified as a tropical monsoon one. A season is a recurring period characterized by distinct meteorological and astronomical conditions that influence the weather patterns in a specific region. Seasons are relatively short-term compared to climate, typically lasting a few months, and their transitions mark significant shifts in temperature, precipitation, and daylight hours. The Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) has designated four official seasons in India:

  1. Winter (from December to early April)
  2. Summer (from April to June)
  3. Monsoon (from June to September)
  4. Post-monsoon/Retreating Monsoon (from October to December)

Winter

Summer

Monsoon

Retreating Monsoon

Conclusion of Seasons in India

The seasons in India shows a complex and dynamic system of climatic variations. The intricate balance of temperature, pressure, and wind patterns influences agriculture, cultural practices, and daily life. India's diverse geography is coupled with the unique characteristics of each season. Understanding and appreciating this climatic system enriches our understanding of India's ecological richness and cultural heritage.

Prelims PYQS of Autumn, Spring & Rainy Season in India

Consider the following statements: (2015)
1. The winds which blow between 30° N and 60° S latitudes throughout the year are known as westerlies.
2. The moist air masses that cause winter rains in North-Western region of India are part of westerlies.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Correct Answer :(b) 2 only
The seasonal reversal of winds is the typical characteristic of (2014)
(a) Equatorial climate
(b) Mediterranean climate
(c) Monsoon climate
(d) All of the above climates

Correct Answer :(c) Monsoon climate
The annual range of temperature in the interior of the continents is high as compared to coastal areas. What is/are the reason/reasons? (2013)
1. Thermal difference between land and water
2. Variation in altitude between continents and oceans
3. Presence of strong winds in the interior
4. Heavy rains in the interior as compared to coasts

Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Correct Answer :(a) 1 only
1, 2, 3 and 4
1. The duration of the monsoon decreases from southern India to northern India.
2. The amount of annual rainfall in the northern plains of India decreases from east to west
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Correct Answer :(c) Both 1 and 2

Main PYQS of Autumn, Spring & Rainy Season in India

Why is the South-West Monsoon called Purvaiys’ (easterly) in Bhojpur Region? How has this directional seasonal wind systems influenced the cultural ethos of the region?(2023)
What characteristics can be assigned to monsoon climate that succeeds in feeding more than 50 percent of the won population residing in Monsoon Asia?(2017)
How far do you agree that the behavior of the Indian monsoon has been changing due to humanizing landscapes? Discuss. (2015)

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