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Socio-religious reform movements were the byproduct of existing evils present in 19th century in Indian society like Sati, child marriage, infanticide etc. These reform movements played an important role in the emergence of liberal and progressive new India. The reform movements fall into two categories. One, reformist movements like Brahmo Samaj, Prathna Samaj and the Aligarh movement. Second, revivalist movements like the Arya Samaj, the Ramakrishna mission and the Deoband movement.
The socio religious movements emerged as a powerful tool for change during the 19th and early 20th century. The movement aimed not only at reshaping religious ideologies but also eradicating social evils such as caste discrimination, sati and the deteriorating condition of women.
The reform movements fall into two categories. One, reformist movements like Brahmo Samaj, Prathna Samaj and the Aligarh movement. Second, revivalist movements like the Arya Samaj, the Ramakrishna mission and the Deoband movement.
There were many factors which together propelled the Indian Renissance of 19th Century marked by the Social Reform Movements:-
The socio religious movements emerged as a powerful tool for change during the 19th and early 20th century. The movement aimed not only at reshaping religious ideologies but also eradicating social evils such as caste discrimination, sati and the deteriorating condition of women. The reform movements could broadly be classified into two categories—the reformist movements like the Brahmo Samaj, the Prarthana Samaj, the Aligarh Movement, and the revivalist movements like Arya Samaj and the Deoband movement. The reformist as well as the revivalist movement depended, to varying degrees, on an appeal to the lost purity of the religion they sought to reform.
SOME IMPORTANT SOCIO RELIGIOUS MOVEMENTS: While there were many social reform movements part of the Indian Renaissance, these are some of the major ones:
Significance of the Movements: These movements laid the groundwork for modern India by questioning outdated practices and promoting social progress. Paved the way for a more equitable and inclusive society, challenging traditional hierarchies. Promoted critical thinking, scientific temper, and dispelled superstitious practices. Provided a sense of cultural rootedness and pride, especially for the rising middle class.
Socio-religious reform movements in the 18th century had a huge impact on society. Major movements, such as Brahmo Samaj, Arya Samaj, Prathna Samaj, Young Bengal Movement, Satyasodhak Samaj, Ramakrishna Mission, SNDP, and the National Social Conference, played a crucial role in challenging traditional practices and advocating for social progress. They left an indelible mark on Indian society, fostering a more equitable and inclusive environment.It not only aimed to improve the socio religious issues prevailing in the society but also led to rise of national identity. A wave of nationalism was borne out of reform and its impact was seen in the revolt of 1857 and further in the foundation of Indian National Congress in 1885.
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