Which of the following statements are correct in respect of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986?
- The Act was enacted under Article 253 of the Constitution of India to implement decisions taken at the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment (Stockholm, 1972).
- It empowers the Central Government to take all necessary measures to protect and improve the environment and to prevent hazards to humans and living beings.
- The Act provides for the establishment of the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) and State Pollution Control Boards (SPCBs).
Select the answer using the code given below:
Consider the following statements:
Statement 1: National Green Tribunal (NGT) ensures speedy and effective disposal of environmental cases through a specialized forum.
Statement 2: It hears civil cases involving substantial environmental questions under laws like Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 and Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
Consider the following statements:
Statement I: Article 21 guarantees that no person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to procedure established by law.
Statement II: The Supreme Court has interpreted “life” under Article 21 to mean a life of dignity, including the right to livelihood, shelter, health, and education.
Statement III: The phrase “procedure established by law” was borrowed from the Japanese Constitution, and through judicial interpretation it now includes the test of fairness, reasonableness, and justice.
Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
Consider the following with reference to Articles 14 and 19 of the Constitution of India:
- Article 14 guarantees equality before law and equal protection of laws to both citizens and non-citizens.
- Article 19 guarantees six fundamental freedoms exclusively to citizens of India.
- The Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India (1978) judgment established that Articles 14, 19, and 21 are interconnected and mutually reinforcing.
How many of the above is/are correct?
Which of the following Acts empowers both the Central and State Governments to order preventive detention in India?
With reference to the Navi Mumbai International Port (JNPT), consider the following statements:
1. It is the largest container port in India by volume of cargo handled.
2. It is located on the eastern coast of Maharashtra near Mumbai.
3. The port primarily handles bulk cargo and has limited container handling facilities.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Consider the following statements regarding bio-methanation:
1. It is a process of converting organic waste into methane through anaerobic digestion.
2. Methane produced can be used as fuel for cooking or electricity generation.
3. Only inorganic waste can be used in bio-methanation plants.
Which of the statements given above are incorrect?
With reference to the 2025 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, consider the following statements:
1. The 2025 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded for pioneering work on metal-organic frameworks (MOFs).
2. MOFs are porous materials that can be used to capture and store gases or even extract water from the air.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
With reference to the issue of counterfeit drugs in India considers the following statements:
1. The Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940 empowers both Drug Control Officers and the police to register and investigate cases related to counterfeit medicines.
2. The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) can be used to prosecute counterfeiters under offences such as cheating, forgery, and fabrication of spurious medicines.
3. The Enforcement Directorate (ED) can investigate the financial aspects of counterfeit drug rackets under the Prevention of Money Laundering Act (PMLA).
Which of the statements given above are correct?
With reference to climate models, consider the following statements:
1. Climate models simulate the interactions between the atmosphere, oceans, land surface, and ice using mathematical equations.
2. Regional Climate Models (RCMs) are used to study global climate trends rather than localized variations.
3. Modern Earth System Models (ESMs) include both natural and human (anthropogenic) factors influencing the climate.
4. Climate models can predict the exact temperature of specific years with high accuracy.
How many of the statements given above are correct?