Human Health ,Disease and Microbes in Human welfare MCQ Questions
Ques:
21
In medical terminology ‘Golden Hour’ is related with -
Correct Answer:
(C)
Heart Attack
Golden hour is the critical one-hour from the onset of a heart attack. Most of the death occur during this period if not treated properly.
Ques:
22
Beta-blocker is a medicine to save from –
Correct Answer:
(A)
Heart attack
Beta-blockers, also known as beta-adrenoceptor blocking agents are drugs that are prescribed to treat several different types of conditions, including hypertension (high blood pressure), angina, some abnormal heart rhythms and heart attack.
Ques:
23
Which one among these is related to the deficiency of potassium?
Correct Answer:
(B)
Low blood pressure
Lack of potassium in the body causes low blood pressure. It is a mineral whose major sources are flesh, milk, cereals, fruits and vegetables.
Ques:
24
In the modern days, nuclear medicines play a vital role in Medical Science, they are exactly –
Correct Answer:
(C)
They are radioisotopes
In modern days nuclear medicine plays a vital role in the field of medical science. This branch uses the radioactive isotopes/radiations to provide information about the functioning of a person's specific organ or to treat diseases.
Ques:
25
Which of the following statements are correct? Select the correct answer from the codes given below?
Femur is the longest bone in the human body.
Cholera is a disease caused by bacteria.
Athlete’s foot is a disease caused by virus.
Code:
Correct Answer:
(C)
1 and 2
The femur is the longest bone in the human body. Vibrio cholerae is the causing bacteria for cholera. The athlete’s foot is an infectious disease caused by a number of different fungi, including species of Trichophyton, Epidermophyton, and Microsporum.
Ques:
26
Which disease is caused by the fungi?
Correct Answer:
(B)
Dermatitis
Seborrheic dermatitis disease is caused by the fungi. It is an inflammatory skin disorder affecting the scalp, face and torso. Polio is caused by a virus while cholera is a bacterial disease.
Ques:
27
Which of the following are the reasons for the occurrence of multi-drug resistance in microbial pathogens in India?
Genetic predisposition of some people
Taking incorrect doses of antibiotics to cure diseases
Using antibiotics in livestock farming
Multiple chronic diseases in some people
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Correct Answer:
(B)
2 and 3 only
According to ‘Scoping Report on Antimicrobial Resistance in India’ released by the Department of Biotechnology (DBT) in November 2017, main reasons for the occurrence of multi- drug resistance (MDR) in microbial pathogens in India are–
High consumption of broad-spectrum antibiotics;
Injudicious use of antibiotic fixed-dose combinations;
Self-medication, access to antibiotics without prescription and taking incorrect doses of antibiotics to cure diseases;
Cultural activities like mass bathing in rivers;
Heavy use of antibiotics in livestock farming;
Pharmaceutical industry pollution;
Poor sanitation facilities and disposal of untreated sewage in water bodies;
Poor infection prevention practices in healthcare settings; etc.
Thus, reasons given in statements 2 and 3 are correct.
Ques:
28
Ergotism is due to consumption of:
Correct Answer:
(A)
Contaminated grains
Ergotism is a disease caused by consumption of contaminated grains. It is the effect of long-term ergot poisoning, traditionally due to the ingestion of the alkaloids produced by the Claviceps purpurea fungus that infects rye and other cereals.
Ques:
29
Phenylketonuria is an example of an inborn error of metabolism. This ‘error’ refers to:
Correct Answer:
(C)
inherited lack of an enzyme
Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a disease caused by a metabolic disorder inherited as a recessive trait. The dominant gene ‘P’, in this case, codes for the enzyme, phenylalanine hydroxylase, formed in the liver cells. This enzyme catalyzes conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine. In homozygous recessive genotypes, the absence of this enzyme causes a high level of phenylalanine in blood and tissues fluids. The phenotypic effects include a progressive mental retardation starting a few month after birth, seizures, and anomalies of teeth enamel and bones.
Ques:
30
The famous ‘Bubble Baby Disease’ is so called because:
Correct Answer:
(C)
The suffering baby is treated in a germ-free plastic bubble
Bubble Baby Disease (severe combined immunodeficiency: SCID) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by the disturbed development of functional T cells and B cells caused by numerous genetic mutations. There are several forms of SCID. The famous ‘Bubble Baby Disease’ is named so as the suffering baby is treated in a germ-free plastic bubble.