Correct Answer:
(D)
Lungs
The lungs are the primary organs for respiration in mammals and most other vertebrates. In mammals, two lungs are located near the backbone on either side of the heart. Its function in the respiratory system is to extract oxygen from the atmosphere and transfer it into the bloodstream and to release carbon dioxide from the bloodstream into the atmosphere, in a process of gas exchange.
Ques:
52
The amount of which of the following components in the air does not change in the process of respiration?
Correct Answer:
(D)
Nitrogen
The action or process of inhaling and exhaling of air is known as respiration. It is a metabolic process, common to all living things. There are five major components of air - Nitrogen 78.09%, Oxygen 20.95%, Argon 0.93%, Carbon dioxide 0.0324% and small amounts of other gases. During the expiration, nitrogen comes out with the same amount as it was entered during the inspiration.
Ques:
53
Oxygen transportation in a human body takes place through:
Blood
Lungs
Tissue
The correct sequence of transportation is:
Correct Answer:
(C)
2, 1, 3
Getting oxygen to the body’s cells requires three major events:
Up taking oxygen from the air to the lungs;
Transporting that oxygen in the blood;
Delivering the oxygen to cells and tissues throughout the body.
Ques:
54
Site of gaseous exchange in lungs is:
Correct Answer:
(D)
Alveoli
The function of the respiratory system is to move two gases: oxygen and carbon dioxide. Gas exchange takes place in the millions of alveoli in the lungs and the capillaries that envelop them. In this process, inhaled oxygen moves from the alveoli to the blood in the capillaries, and carbon dioxide moves from the blood in the capillaries to the air in the alveoli.
Ques:
55
Carbon monoxide poisoning affects mainly which one of the following?
Correct Answer:
(D)
Oxygen carrying capacity of blood
Carbon monoxide mainly causes adverse effects in humans by combining with hemoglobin to form carboxy hemoglobin (HbCO) in the blood. This prevents hemoglobin from carrying oxygen to the tissues, effectively reducing the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood, leading to hypoxia. Additionally, myoglobin and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase are thought to be adversely affected. Carboxy hemoglobin can revert to hemoglobin, but the recovery takes time because the HbCO complex is fairly stable.
Ques:
56
During respiration energy is produced in the form of:
Correct Answer:
(B)
ATP
Respiration is a set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP), and release waste products.