Four Buddhist Councils were held in the following places.
Vaishali
Rajgriha
Kundalavana
Pataliputra
Arrange them in chronological order by using the code given below:
Correct Answer:
(D)
2, 1, 4, 3
First Buddhist council was held soon after the death of Buddha under the patronage of King Ajatashatru with the monk Mahakassapa presiding at Saptaparni Cave at Rajgriha. The second council took place during the reign of Kalasoka after 100 years of Buddha’s death in Vaishali and was presided over by Sabakami. The third council was held during the reign of Ashoka at Pataliputra, and the fourth council was held during the reign of Kanishka at Kashmir (Kundalavana).
Ques:
52
After the Mahaparinirvana of Lord Buddha, the first Buddhist council was held at
Correct Answer:
(A)
Rajgriha (Rajgir)
The first Buddhist council was held just after the death (Mahaparinirvana) of Lord Buddha during the tenure of Magadh king Ajatshatru in the Saptakarni caves of Rajgriha (Rajgir).
Ques:
53
What was the main objective of the Third Buddhist Council?
Correct Answer:
(C)
Purify Buddhism from Corruption
The Third Buddhist Council, convened by Emperor Ashoka, aimed to purify Buddhism by addressing issues within the Sangha (monastic community), particularly corruption and heretical views. This involved expelling monks with heretical beliefs, clarifying doctrines, and ensuring the Sangha's adherence to orthodox teachings.
Ques:
54
The greatest Buddhist commentator of the Buddhist canonical literature has been?
Correct Answer:
(B)
Ashvaghosha
Asvaghoṣa or Ashvaghosha was a Buddhist philosopher, dramatist, poet and orator from India. He was born in Saketa in northern India. He is believed to have been the first Sanskrit dramatist, and is considered the greatest Indian poet prior to Kalidasa.
Ques:
55
The Buddha has been eulogized as an ocean of wisdom and compassion in:
Correct Answer:
(C)
Amarakosa
The Amarakosha is the popular name for Namalinganushasanam, a thesaurus in Sanskrit written by the ancient Indian scholar Amarasimha. It is the oldest extant kosha. The Buddha has been eulogized as an ocean of wisdom and compassion in Amarakosha.
Ques:
56
Which among the following is the great Buddhist work consisting of dialogues between the Indo-Greek king Menander and the Buddhist philosopher Nagasena?
Correct Answer:
(A)
Milinda Panha
The Milindapanha is one of the great classics of Pali Buddhist literature, a spirited dialogue between the Greek king Milinda and the Buddhist sage Nagasena.
Ques:
57
In Buddhist scriptures, the leaving of home by Buddha is also called as:
Correct Answer:
(A)
Mahabhinishkramana
In Buddhist scriptures, different life stages of Buddha has been called with different names which are as following:
Leaving of home by Buddha or the great departure – Mahabhinishkramana
Enlightenment of Buddha – Nirvana
First sermon given by Buddha – Dhammachakraparivartana
Death – Parinirvana
Ques:
58
Which one of the following inscriptions of Ashoka confirms the tradition that Gautama Buddha was born in Lumbini?
Correct Answer:
(D)
Rummindei Pillar Inscription
The Rummindei Pillar Inscription of Ashoka, also known as the Lumbini Pillar Edict, confirms the tradition that Gautama Buddha was born in Lumbini. The inscription, erected during Ashoka's reign, specifically mentions Lumbini as the birthplace of the Buddha.
Ques:
59
Lord Buddha preached the following four noble truths. Put them in correct order using the codes given below:
A. There is suffering.
B. There is a cessation of suffering.
C. There is a path leading to the cessation of suffering.
D. There is the cause of suffering.
Codes:
Correct Answer:
(A)
ADBC
After attaining enlightenment, to preach his thoughts, Gautama Buddha arrived at Rishipattan (Sarnath), where he delivered his sermon to five Brahmans. It is also known as Dharmachakra Pravartana. The sermon was related to sufferings, the cause of suffering and its solution. The concept of eight-fold path forms the theme of ‘Dharma Chakra Pravartana Sutta’ which means sermon of the turning of the wheel of law. He prescribed ‘Noble Eightfold Path’ and ‘Four Noble Truths’ which were accepted as basic tenets by all Buddhist sects.
The four noble truths in chronological order are as follows-
There is suffering.
There is the cause of suffering.
There is a cessation of suffering.
There is a path leading to the cessation of suffering.
Ques:
60
In the Mahayana Buddhism, the Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara was also known as:
Correct Answer:
(C)
Padmapani
“Padmapani or “Lotus-Bearer” is one of the most common epithets of Avalokiteshvara, the Bodhisattva of infinite compassion. This superbly modelled sculpture stands in a tribhanga or tri-bent pose. A Bodhisattva is a living being (sattva) who aspires to enlightenment (bodhi) and carries out altruistic practices. The Bodhisattva ideal is central to the Mahayana Buddhist tradition as the individual who seeks enlightenment both for himself or herself and for others.