Correct Answer:
(C)
Ambedkar
Navayana or Neo-Buddhism means “new Vehicle” and refers to the re-interpretation of Buddhism by B.R. Ambedkar. Navayana rejects practices and precepts such as renouncing monk and monasticism, Karma, re-birth after life, samsara, meditation, enlightenment and four noble truths considered to be foundational in the Buddhist traditions. It revises the original buddha teachings about class struggle and social equality.
Ques:
82
Who among the following is known as the ‘Light of Asia’?
Correct Answer:
(A)
Gautama Buddha
Gautama Buddha, also known as Siddhartha, Gautama, Shakyamuni or simply the Buddha, was a sage on whose teachings Buddhism was founded. Buddha is also prominently known as the ‘Light of Asia’ or the Light Beam. Edwin Arnold wrote a book “the Light of Asia” based on the life of Buddha.
Ques:
83
With reference to the cultural history of India, which one of the following is the correct description of the term ‘paramitas’?
Correct Answer:
(C)
Perfections whose attainment led to the Bodhisattva path
‘Paramitas’ in Buddhist term is translated as perfection. Towards the path of becoming Buddh, the paramitas represent qualities that the bodhisathva strives to perfect in order to purify karma and kleshas and develop bodhichitta.
Ques:
84
Sir Edwin Arnold book ‘The Light of the Asia’ is based on–
Correct Answer:
(B)
Lalitvistar
The ‘Light of Asia’ subtitled ‘The Great Renunciation’ is a book by Sir Edwin Arnold. The first edition of the book was published in July 1879. This book is based upon the contents of ‘Lalit Vistara’.
Ques:
85
Which of the following laid the foundation of idol worship in the country?
Correct Answer:
(B)
Buddhism
In context of the following, Buddhism laid the foundation of idol worship in the country. The followers of Mahayana primarily started worshipping the idols of Buddha.
Ques:
86
With reference to the cultural history of India, consider the following pairs:
Parivrajaka - Renunciant and Wanderer
Shramana - Priest with a high status
Upasaka - Lay follower of Buddhism
Which of the pairs given above are correctly matched?
Correct Answer:
(B)
1 and 3 only
Upasaka are lay followers of Buddhism who are not monks. Parivrajaka literally means male renunciant & wanderer. Buddhist Bhikkhu is Primarily a parivrajaka. A Shramana is a wandering monk in certain ascetic traditions, including Jainism, Buddism & Ajvikism.
Ques:
87
Given below are two statements, one is labelled as Assertion (A) and other as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): Kushinagar was the capital of Malla Republic.
Reason (R): Lord Buddha’s Maha Parinirvana took place in Kushinagar.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Correct Answer:
(B)
Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
Kushinagar was the capital of Malla and also one of the sixteen Mahajanpadas of the 6th century B.C. Lord Buddha’s Mahaparinirvana took place in Kushinagar. Therefore, both Assertion (A) and Reason I are true, but Reason I is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
Ques:
88
Which of the following pairs are correctly matched?
Lothal: Ancient dockyard
Sarnath: First Sermon of Buddha
Rajgir: Lion capital of Ashoka
Nalanda: Great seat of Buddhist learning
Select the correct answer using the code given below Codes:
Correct Answer:
(C)
1, 2 and 4
Rajgir is a pilgrimage center for Buddhists, Hindus, and Jains and is famous for its hot water springs. Lion Capital of Ashoka is in Sarnath not in Rajgir. The remains of ancient dockyard are found from Lothal, Gujarat. Mahatma Buddha delivered his first sermon at Sarnath. Nalanda was a great seat of Buddhist learnings.
Ques:
89
Why did Buddhism started declining in India in the early medieval times?
1. Buddha was by that time considered as one of the incarnations of Vishnu and thus became a part of Vaishnavism.
2. The invading tribes from Central Asia till the time of last Gupta king adopted Hinduism and persecuted Buddhists.
3. The Kings of Gupta dynasty were strongly opposed to Buddhism.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct Answer:
(A)
1 only
Buddhism started declining in India in the early medieval times because Buddha was by that time considered as one of the incarnations of Vishnu and thus became a part of Vaishnavism. The Kings of the Gupta dynasty was not opposed to Buddhism even though they supported Brahmanical faith. Statement (2) and (3) are not correct. Hence, option (a) is the correct answer.
Ques:
90
Which one of the following rulers did not contribute towards the expansion of Buddhism?
Correct Answer:
(D)
Pushyamitra Shunga
Pushyamitra Shunga (185-149 BCE) was the founder and the first ruler of the Shunga empire in east India. Pushyamitra was originally a “General” of the Mauryan Empire. In 185 BCE he assassinated the last Mauryan Emperor, Brihadratha and proclaimed himself emperor. Buddhist texts state that Pushyamitra cruelly persecuted the Buddhist.