Correct Answer:
(C)
Jainism
Mahavira Swami was the 24th Tirthankara of Jain religion. He denied the unmanliness of Vedas and opposed related social- cultural traditions and humbugs. By leaving the exclusive belief of selfists and atheists, he accepted the middle path known as ‘Anekantavad’ or ‘Syadvad’. Syadvad is also known as the name of Saptabhangi Naya, which means knowledge is relative.
Ques:
102
Anekantavada is a core theory and philosophy of which one of the following
Correct Answer:
(B)
Jainism
Anekantavada is the core theory and philosophy of Jainism. It is also known as the Saptabhangi theory.
Ques:
103
With reference to the religious practices in India, the “Sthanakvasi” sect belongs to
Correct Answer:
(B)
Jainism
Sthanakvasi is a sect of Svetambara Jainism and it was founded in 1653 A.D. This sect originated from its prede- cessor reformist sect 'Lonka' that was found by Lonkasha. It believes that idol worship is not essential in the path of soul purification and attainment of Nirvana.
Ques:
104
The Jain philosophy holds that the world is created and maintained by?
Correct Answer:
(A)
Universal Law
As per Jain belief universal law is the essential and real form of the universe. The universe and all its substances are eternal (everlasting). All substances gradually change. Previous forms give way to new ones without losing their inherent qualities. Jains believe that the universe is without beginning or end. The universe did not begin and end at any time. There is no need of some almighty to create or manage the affairs of the universe. The universe runs on itself according to its cosmic laws (laws of nature).
Ques:
105
The Basic point of Jainism is-
Correct Answer:
(C)
Non-violence
Jainism is also known as the religion of Ahimsa (non- violence). Ahimsa supersedes all concepts, ideologies, rules, customs and practices. Ahimsa, Anekantvad and Aparigraha are the cardinal principles of Jainism.
Ques:
106
Yapaniya was the sect of-
Correct Answer:
(B)
Jainism
Yapaniya was a sect of Jain religion; which is believed to have originated from Digambaras. However, they also used to follow certain Shwetambar opinions. The Yapaniyas worshipped nude images of the Tirthankaras in their temples.
Ques:
107
Which of the following statements is/are applicable to Jaina Doctrine?
The surest way of annihilating karma is to practice penance.
Every object, even the smallest particle has a soul.
Karma is the bane of the soul and must be ended.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
Correct Answer:
(D)
1, 2 and 3
Jainism believes that each object even a particle has a soul. They also uphold the universal law of Karma. According to this law, every action - thought, word or deed - produces an effect which in turn serves as the cause of another action and so on. This chain of cause and effect is known as Karma. It follows that the state of the soul at any given time is due to the Karma accumulated over countless ages. Karma not only encompasses the casualty of transmigration but is also conceived as an extremely subtle matter which infiltrates the soul obscuring its natural, transparent and pure qualities. Based on its karma, a soul undergoes transmigration and reincarnates in various states of existence like heaven or hell, or as humans or animals.
Ques:
108
Consider the following statements:
The First Jain council was held at Pataliputra.
The Second Jain council was held at Vallabhi.
Select the correct statements using the codes given below:
Correct Answer:
(C)
Both 1 and 2
The first Jain council was indeed held at Patliputra. It took place in the 3rd century BCE, shortly after the death of Mahavira, the last Tirthankara. During this council, which was presided over by Sthulabhadra, the teachings of Mahavira were compiled into the twelve Angas
The Second Jain council was indeed held at Vallabhi. It was presided over by Devardhi Kshemasarmana in 512 CE. The primary purpose of this council was to complete the final compilation of Jain literature, known as the Twelve Angas and Twelve Upangas.
Ques:
109
The First Jain council was convened during the reign of?
Correct Answer:
(C)
Chandragupta Maurya
The First Jain Council was indeed convened during the reign of Chandragupta Maurya. It was held in Pataliputra (modern-day Patna) in 300 BC, after a 12-year famine in the southern region of Bihar.
Ques:
110
Svetambara Agama was finally edited at the Jain council of?
Correct Answer:
(D)
Patliputra
The Svetambara Agama was indeed finally edited at the Jain council of Vallabhi. This council, held in 453 or 466 AD at Vallabhi, was presided over by Shraman Devardhigani and was responsible for writing down the sacred texts (Jain Agamas) that had previously been transmitted orally.