At which Congress Session was the working committee authorized to launch a programme of Civil Disobedience?
Correct Answer:
(B)
Lahore
The Lahore Session of Indian National Congress in 1929 authorized the Congress Working Committee to start the Civil Disobedience Movement. Mahatma Gandhi was assigned to lead the Movement in the second meeting of Congress Working Committee held in February, 1930 at Sabarmati Ashram.
Ques:
12
Which one of the following began with the Dandi March?
Correct Answer:
(C)
Civil Disobedience Movement
Mahatma Gandhi started his famous Dandi March accompanied by his trusted volunteers from Sabarmati Ashram on March 12, 1930. The march was over 241 miles, from Gandhi’s ashram in Sabarmati to Gujarat's coastal village of Dandi. The volunteers walked for 24 days. On April 6, 1930 he reached Dandi and violated the salt law, manufacturing salt by boiling seawater. This marked the beginning of the Civil Disobedience Movement. This Movement spread all over India under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi. A leader like C. Rajagopalachari took up Salt March in Tamil Nadu from Trichinopoly to Vedaranyam.
Ques:
13
Consider the following statements:
In the First Round Table Conference, Dr. Ambedkar demanded separate electorates for the depressed classes.
In the Poona Pact, special provisions for representation of the depressed people in the local bodies and civil services were made.
The Indian National Congress did not take part in the Third Round Table Conference.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct Answer:
(D)
1, 2 and 3
In the First Round Table Conference, Dr. Ambedkar demanded separate electorates for the depressed classes. The Indian National Congress participated only in the Second Round Table Conference and boycotted Third and First Round Table Conference. In Poona Pact, Congress agreed that adequate representation would be given to the depressed classes in the local bodies and civil services. So, all the three statements given in the options are correct.
Ques:
14
Who among the following issued the ‘Communal Award’?
Correct Answer:
(A)
Ramsay Macdonald
No consensus was made on the subject of separate electorate for depressed classes and various communities in Second Round Table Conference. British Prime Minister Ramsay Macdonald was authorized for the solution of conflicts in the Conference. Accordingly, Ramsay Macdonald declared his “Communal Award” on 16 Aug. 1932.
Ques:
15
A separate electoral group was made by the communal Tribunal of Ramsay MacDonald first time in August, 1932–
Correct Answer:
(D)
for Untouchables
British Prime Minister Ramsay Macdonald announced Communal Award on 16 August, 1932. According to Legislative Assembly provisions, few seats of Legislative Assembly were reserved for minorities whose candidates were to be elected by separate electorates. Muslims and Sikhs were already considered as minorities. Now the depressed, Dalits (untouchables) were to be declared as minorities as per provisions of the new law.
Ques:
16
Which were not allocated separate electorate and reserved seats by Communal Award of MacDonald?
Correct Answer:
(D)
Buddhists
British Prime Minister Ramsay Macdonald announced Communal Award on August 16th, 1932 in which separate electorates were granted not only to Muslims but also to depressed class. In addition to this Christians, Sikhs, Anglo-Indian and others were granted the separate electorates which were applicable only to provincial legislative assemblies. Hence, it is clear that Buddhists were not granted separate electorates.
Ques:
17
When did Mahatma Gandhi start first fast unto death?
Correct Answer:
(A)
At the time of Communal Award
On September 20, 1932, Mahatma Gandhi began his first Fast unto death to protest Communal Award of British Prime Minister Ramsay Macdonald. Fast ended on 24 September, 1932 after Poona Pact was signed between followers of Gandhi and Ambedkar.
Ques:
18
Given below are two statements, one labelled as Asser tion (A) and the other as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : The Poona Pact defeated the purpose of Communal Award.
Reason (R) : It paved the way for reservation of seats in the Parliament and the State Assemblies for the SC and ST people.
Select the correct answer from the code given below: Code :
Correct Answer:
(A)
Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
On 16 August, 1932, Ramsay Macdonald announced his Communal Award. The award authorised Muslims, Europeans, Sikhs and depressed classes separate electorates. Gandhi began fast unto death on 20th September, 1932 to protest against this decision. Finally, on 24 September, 1932 an agreement was made in Poona known as ‘Poona Pact’ in which joint electorate was accepted on the basis of two provisions. The two provisions were – Firstly, there were 148 seats reserved for depressed classes in the provincial legislature while only 71 seats were reserved according to communal award. In Central Legislature 18 percent of the seats allotted to the general electorate for British India were reserved for Depressed classes. So, reason (R) explains Assertion (A) correctly, and both statements are true. So, the option (a) is correct answer.
Ques:
19
Which of the following did not sign on historical Poona Pact of 1932?
Correct Answer:
(D)
M. K. Gandhi
On the day of 24 September, 1932, Poona Pact was signed at 5 O’clock in the evening. Dr. B. R. Ambedkar from depressed classes and Pt. Madan Mohan Malviya from Hindu classes signed the document of Poona Pact. M.M. Jayakar, Devdas Gandhi, Vishwas, Raja Bhoj, P. Balu, Gawai, Thakkar, Solanki, Tej Bahadur Sapru, G. D. Birla, Rajgopalachari, Dr. Rajendra Prasad, Dr. Rao Bahadur Srinivasan, M.C. Raja, C.V. Mehta, Bakhale and Kamath were other signatories. Many people signed on the document in Bombay. Rajgopalachari changed his pen with Dr. Ambedkar after signing the Poona Pact.
Ques:
20
After Poona Pact of 1932, Harijan Sewak Sangh was established. Its President was:
Correct Answer:
(B)
Ghanshyam Das Birla
After Poona Pact, 1932, Mahatma Gandhi was not actively involved in Civil Disobedience Movement but now he took an interest in anti-untouchability Movements and “All India Untouchability League” was founded by Mahatma Gandhi whose name was later changed to “Harijan Sevak Sangh.” Ghanshyam Das Birla was the first President of this institution.