Which of the following is not a feature of politics of the Gandhian model?
Correct Answer:
(D)
Authority
The paradigm of politics presented by Gandhiji is the combination of three elements – morality, religion and humanity. But in Gandhian political model, there is no place for authority. He wanted to establish a Stateless Society.
Ques:
52
Who amongst the following coined the word ‘Satyagraha’?
Correct Answer:
(B)
Mahatma Gandhi
The nephew of Mahatma Gandhi, Magan Lal Gandhi first used the term ‘Sada Graha’ during a competition for which he was rewarded. Satyagraha means truth and rigidity. Later on, Gandhi improvised the word as ‘Satyagraha.’ Hence, it is clear that the word ‘Satyagraha’ was used firstly by Gandhi.
Ques:
53
During the India’s struggle for Independence which was the first to start ‘Satyagraha’?
Correct Answer:
(D)
Mahatma Gandhi
Satyagraha is a term comprising two words; Satya or truth, and Agrah or insistence. Hence, in its loose English interpretation, Satyagraha means 'insistence on truth'. The Champaran Satyagraha of 1917 was Mahatma Gandhi’s first successful Satyagraha.
Ques:
54
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi is best known for which of the following?
Correct Answer:
(A)
Use of passive resistance to achieve Indian Independence.
Struggle done by Gandhi in South Africa was termed as ‘Inactive resistance ‘but later Gandhi chose the word ‘Satyagraha’ in place of inactive resistance. Satyagraha was the term, which was used most during the freedom struggle. But Gandhi differentiated between Satyagraha and inactive resistance. As per him, inactive resistance is a political tool, whereas Satyagraha is moral power. He differentiated Inactive Resistance and Satyagraha by comparing it with the north and the south pole.
Ques:
55
Who among of the following had told: “destruction is the best method of dealing with the foreign clothes”?
Correct Answer:
(B)
Mahatma Gandhi
Mahatma Gandhi told destruction is the best method of dealing with foreign clothes. Gandhi related this destruction with the self-respect of Nation.
Ques:
56
The Gandhi-Irwin Pact included which of the following?
Invitation to Congress to participate in the Round Table Conference
Withdrawal of Ordinances promulgated in connection with the Civil Disobedience Movement
Acceptance of Gandhiji's suggestion for enquiry into police excesses
Release of only those prisoners who were not charged with violence
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Correct Answer:
(B)
1, 2 and 4 only
According to Gandhi-Irwin Pact, Gandhiji called off the Civil Disobedience Movement and agreed to take part in second Round Table Conference in London. He also agreed to stop boycotting the British goods. In return Viceroy agreed to withdraw ordinances promulgated against Civil Disobedience Movement and release only those prisoners who were not charged with violence, hence option (b) is correct.
Ques:
57
Who played an important role in the signing of Gandhi Irwin Pact?
Correct Answer:
(C)
Tej Bahadur Sapru
After noticing the expansion of Civil Disobedience Movement, Viceroy Lord Irwin released Mahatma Gandhi on January 26, 1931. The conversation started between Gandhi and Irwin in the mid-February, 1931 which was the efforts of Tej Bahadur Sapru and M.R. Jaykar. The pact known as Gandhi-Irwin Pact took place on March 5, 1931. In context to the pact, Sarojini Naidu termed them as ‘The Two Mahatmas.’
Ques:
58
Who played the role of mediator in Gandhi-Irwin Pact?
Correct Answer:
(B)
Tej Bahadur Sapru
Tej Bahadur Sapru and M.R. Jaykar played the role of mediator in Gandhi-Irwin Pact.
Ques:
59
Who among the following took Mahatma Gandhi’s gain in the Gandhi-Irwin Pact as “Consolation Prizes”?
Correct Answer:
(B)
Alan Campbell Johnson
The biographer of Irwin, Alan Campbell Johnson termed Mahatma Gandhi’s gain in the Gandhi-Irwin Pact as “Consolation Prizes” and the only surrender of Irwin to agreeing for the conversation.
Ques:
60
Consider the following statements with reference to Gandhi-Irwin pact:
Irwin agreed to remission of all fines that were collected.
Irwin agreed to give people the right to make salt in coastal villages for personal consumption.
Irwin agreed for public inquiry into police excesses.
How many of the above statements are correct?
Correct Answer:
(B)
Only one
During the Civil Disobedience Movement, Congress Working Committee (CWC) authorised Gandhi to initiate discussions with the viceroy. As a result of these discussions, a pact was signed between the viceroy, representing the British Indian Government, and Gandhi, representing the Indian people, in Delhi on February 14, 1931. This Delhi Pact, also known as the Gandhi-Irwin Pact.
Irwin on behalf of the government agreed on—
immediate release of all political prisoners not convicted of violence;
remission of all fines not yet collected. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.
return of all lands not yet sold to third parties;
lenient treatment to those government servants who had resigned;
right to make salt in coastal villages for personal consumption (not for sale). Hence, statement 2 is correct.
right to peaceful and non-aggressive picketing;
and withdrawal of emergency ordinances.
The viceroy, however, turned down two of Gandhi’s demands—
public inquiry into police excesses, Hence, statement 3 is incorrect.
and commutation of Bhagat Singh and his comrades’ death sentence to life sentence.