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Bacterial Diseases focuses on illnesses triggered by harmful bacteria, covering their transmission vectors, cellular impact, and antibiotic interventions.
Correct Answer:
(D)
T.B.
The vaccine of BCG should proculate just after the birth of a baby to prevent T.B. However, this vaccine can be inoculated up to 12 months of age, but its effect decreases if inoculation getting late.
Ques: 2
The disease ‘Tetanus’ is also known as
Correct Answer:
(C) Lock jaw
Tetanus is a bacterial disease caused by the bacteria Clostridium tetani. When the tetanus bacteria invade the body through a wound, they produce a toxin or poison, that causes muscles to become tight, which is very painful. Tetanus mainly affects the neck and abdomen. It is also known as ‘lock jaw’ because it often causes a person’s neck and jaw muscles to lock, making it hard to open the mouth or swallow.
Ques: 3
Which of the following pairs is incorrect?
Correct Answer:
(D)
Polio-Monkey
Plague is an infectious disease which is spread by rats. Rabies or hydrophobia is caused by rabies virus. The virus is spread by the saliva of infected animals such as the bite of a mad dog. Tapeworm is caused by eating raw or undercooked pork whereas polio enters in human body by poliovirus which is contagious and usually spread from person to person through infected fecal matter entering the mouth.
Ques: 4
Consider the following diseases:
Diphtheria,
Chickenpox,
Smallpox.
Which of the above diseases has/have been eradicated in India?
Correct Answer:
(B) 3 only
India was declared smallpox free in 1977. Guinea worm disease (Dracunculiasis) was a major public health problem in many states of India before it was eradicated in 2000. On 27th March, 2014 the World Health Organisation (WHO) presented official certification to India for its ‘Polio Free’ status. In 2015, India was declared free from maternal and neonatal tetanus. Diphtheria and chickenpox have not been eradicated in India yet. Clearly option (b) is the right answer.
Ques: 5
Smallpox was declared eradicated from the world in
Correct Answer:
(B) 1980
Smallpox was an infectious disease caused by one of the two virus variants, Variola major and Variola minor. The last naturally occurring case was diagnosed in October, 1977 and the WHO certified the global eradication of the disease in 1980.
Ques: 6
Which of the following disease is not caused by a bacteria?
Correct Answer:
(A) AIDS
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is caused by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV infects T-helper cells, a type of T-lymphocytes which helps both B-lymphocytes (which produce antibodies) and other T-lymphocytes (which kill cells infected by viruses) to carry out their functions. Neither type of lymphocyte can therefore operate and so the body’s immune system is rendered ineffective, not only against HIV but to other infections also. Due to this reason AIDS victims are frequently killed within a few years of developing the disease.
Ques: 7
Consider the following statements. AIDS is transmitted:
By sexual intercourse
By blood transfusion
By mosquitoes and other blood sucking insects
Across the placenta
Codes:
Correct Answer:
(B) 1, 2 and 4 are correct
Ques: 8
Consider the following statements:
Assertion (A): Immune system gets affected by AIDS.
Reason (R) : T-lymphocytes get completely damaged in AIDS.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Code:
(A) is correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of
(A).
Correct Answer:
(B) .
T-lymphocytes are a type of lymphocyte that plays an important role in cell-mediated immunity. When AIDS disease takes place then T-4 lymphocytes (helper cells) are completely damaged and due to this immune system gets affected.
Ques: 9
Consider the following conditions of a sick human body:
Swollen lymph nodes
Sweating at night
Loss of memory
Loss of weight
Which of these are symptoms of AIDS?
Correct Answer:
(D)
1, 2, 3 and 4
AIDS (Acquired immune deficiency syndrome or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) is a syndrome caused by a virus called HIV (Human immunodeficiency virus) which destroys the disease resistance power of the human body. People infected with HIV may have the following symptoms:
Rapid weight loss
Recurring fever or profuse night sweats
Extreme and unexplained tiredness
Prolonged swelling of the lymph glands in the armpits, groin, or neck
Diarrhoea that lasts for more than a week
Sores of the mouth, anus, or genitals
Pneumonia
Red, brown, pink, or purplish blotches on or under the skin or inside the mouth, nose, or eyelids
Memory loss, depression, and other neurologic disorders.
Ques: 10
Which of the following diseases can be transmitted from one person to another through tattooing?
Chikungunya
Hepatitis B
HIV-AIDS
Select the correct answer using the codes given below
Correct Answer:
(B) 2 and 3
As tattooing requires breaking the skin barrier, tattooing may carry health risks, including infection and allergic reactions. Infections that can theoretically be transmitted by the use of unsterilized tattoo equipment or contaminated ink include surface infections of the skin, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, tuberculosis and HIV. Chikungunya is a viral infection caused by the chikungunya virus which is transmitted by the bite of an infected mosquito.