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India's climate variations give rise to distinct forest zones. Explore the characteristics, key plant species, and geographical spread of India's rich natural vegetation.
Which of the following state’s forests are classified as "Subtropical" forests?
Correct Answer:
(B) Madhya Pradesh
Tropical dry deciduous forest or Sub Tropical forests expansion is found in most parts of Madhya Pradesh.
Ques: 2
Which one of the following is not essentially a species of the Himalayan vegetation?
Correct Answer:
(B) Mahogany
Originally, Mahogany trees are found in tropical region of North & South America. This tree is abundant in West Indies, Central America & South America. Rest trees are essentially a species of Himalayan vegetation.
Ques: 3
In India, which type of forest among the following occupies the largest area?
Correct Answer:
(C) Tropical Moist Deciduous Forest
Tropical (Dry) deciduous forest occupies the largest area in India. The Tropical moist deciduous forest is the second largest forest area in India. Teak and Sal are significant products of it. Therefore, option (c) is nearest possible correct answer.
Ques: 4
Which one of the following trees is abundant in the temperate zone of Western Himalayas?
Correct Answer:
(B) Deodar
The western Himalayan region extends at an elevation of 1500-2500 meters. Its temperate zone is rich in forests of Deodar, Chir, Pine, other conifers and broad- leaved temperate trees. The trees of Deodar are abundant in the temperate zone of western Himalayas than any other plants.
Ques: 5
Which one of the following is called 'flame of the forest'?
Correct Answer:
(C) Butea monosperma
Butea monosperma is called the “flame of the forest”. It is known as Dhak or Palash also. Palash (Butea monosperma) has been declared as the State Flower of Uttar Pradesh.
Ques: 6
Which of the following plants have no flowers?
Correct Answer:
(D)
Fern
The fern is a vascular plant that reproduces by spores and has neither seeds nor flowers. These plants are seedless. Thus, option (d) is the correct answer.
Ques: 7
The alpine vegetation in the western Himalayas is found only up to a height of 3000 metres while in the eastern Himalayas it is found up to a height of 4000 metres. The reason for this variation in the same mountain range is that:
Correct Answer:
(C) Eastern Himalayas get more monsoon rainfall than the western Himalayas.
Since eastern Himalayas are nearer to the equator and sea coast, the snowline in the eastern Himalayas is at a higher altitude than the western Himalayas. As a result of this, there is variation in the height of vegetation in the Himalayas.
This region receives 4 times more rainfall than western Himalayas. Due to high rainfalls, it is covered with dense forests. Eastern Himalayas receive more precipitation from south-eastern monsoon in the summers.
Option 1 (height difference) and Option 4 (fertility of rocks) are not significant factors contributing to the variation in Alpine vegetation. While there may be some slight elevation differences between the western and eastern Himalayas, it is the rainfall and temperature patterns that play a more prominent role. Similarly, the fertility of rocks does influence vegetation to some extent, but it is not the primary reason for the variation in Alpine vegetation between the two regions.
In conclusion, the primary reason for the variation in Alpine vegetation between the western and eastern Himalayas is the difference in monsoon rainfall. The eastern Himalayas receive higher rainfall due to their location and the influence of the monsoon, providing more moisture and favorable conditions for alpine plants to grow at higher elevations.
Ques: 8
What is the difference between the antelopes Oryx and Chiru?
Oryx is adapted to live in hot and arid areas whereas Chiru is adapted to live in Steppes and semi-desert areas of cold high mountains.
Oryx is poached for its antlers whereas Chiru is poached for its musk.
Correct Answer:
(A) Oryx exists in western India only whereas Chiru exists in North-East India only.
Oryx is adapted to live in hot and arid areas like Saudi Arabia, etc. while Chiru is adapted to live in Steppes and semi-desert areas of cold high mountains. This is the main difference between the two from the given options.
Ques: 9
Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below:
List I List II
(Forest) (Region)
Tropical moist deciduous 1. Arunachal Pradesh
Correct Answer:
(A) Tropical dry deciduous 2. Sahyadri’s
The description of forest regions found in India is given below:
Tropical moist deciduous forest: These forests are found in areas of moderate rainfall of 100 to 200 cm per annum therefore they are known as monsoon forests. Such areas include a belt running along the eastern slopes of Western Ghats. North eastern region of the peninsular India and Bhabar and Tarai regions.
Tropical dry deciduous forest: The dry deciduous forests are mainly situated in the areas, where annual rainfall ranges from 70-100 cm. These are spread from central Gangetic plains to southern India.
Alpine Forest: The Alpine forests grow all along the Himalayas at altitudes ranging between 3,000 to 4,900 meters. The expansion of this forest is found in Arunachal Pradesh. Tropical Evergreen Forests: These are typical rain forests which grow in those areas where the annual rainfall exceeds 200 cm. The evergreen forests are found along the Western side of the Western Ghats (The Sahyadri) North-East and in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Thus, option (a) is the correct answer.
Ques: 10
In India, the State with the largest area under dense deciduous forest cover is:
Correct Answer:
(C) Madhya Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh has the largest area under dense deciduous forest cover.
Ques: 11
Which one of the following States has the highest percentage of area under forests?
Correct Answer:
(D)
None of the above / More than one of the above
According to the India State of Forest Report, 2021, in the state Mizoram (84.53%) has the highest percentage of area under forest.
Lakshadweep (overall) - 90.33%
Arunachal Pradesh - 79.33%
Himachal Pradesh - 27.73%
Assam - 36.09%
Andhra Pradesh - 18.28%
Ques: 12
Open stunted forests with bushes and small trees having long roots and sharp thorns repeated spines are commonly found in:
Correct Answer:
(D)
Western Andhra Pradesh
Above mentioned features are related to tropical thorn forests. These forests are found in areas of low rainfall (less than 70 cm), low humidity (less than 50 per cent) and high temperature (25°-30°C). Western Andhra Pradesh is a region of such forests. These forests are found in the north-western parts of the country including Rajasthan, south western Punjab, western Haryana, Kutch and neighbouring parts of Saurashtra. Thus, option (d) is the correct answer.