In the acid rain, the rainwater and snow is contaminated by which of the following pollutants?
1. Sulphur-dioxide 2. Nitrogen oxide
3. Carbon-dioxide 4. Methane
Codes :
Correct Answer:
(B)
1 and 2 only
Sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxide are the main factors for acid rain. Acid rain contaminates rainwater and snow. This produces an adverse impact on rivers, lakes and ponds.
Ques:
2
Acid rain occurs due to –
Correct Answer:
(C)
Reaction between clouds and sulphur dioxide pollutants
Acid rain is caused by the reaction of the cloud's water and sulphur dioxide. Acid rain reduces pH value of soil. It also impacts micro-organism as their growth is dependent on pH value. Acid rain also increases the corrosion rate of metals in particular iron, steel, copper and bronze. These enter in the drinking water and soil and thus affect the nervous system.
Ques:
3
Acid rain is caused by –
Correct Answer:
(A)
Industries
Ques:
4
Which one of the following is an air pollutant gas and is released by burning fossil fuel?
Correct Answer:
(D)
Sulphur dioxide
Sulphur dioxide is an air pollutant gas and is released by burning fossil fuel.
Ques:
5
In the context of which of the following do some scientists suggest the use of cirrus cloud thinning technique and the injection of sulphate aerosol into stratosphere?
Correct Answer:
(D)
Reducing the global warming
For reducing the global warming geo-engineering solutions have often been suggested by the scientists. Injection of sulphate aerosols, very fine solid particles, into the stratosphere is one of the most widely discussed ideas. Sulphate aerosol particles are very good reflectors of sunlight, and it has been shown, through various climate models, that even if 1% of current incident solar radiation is reflected back in space, a very significant amount of temperature rise on earth can be off set. Another way of instantly cooling the planet is the use of cirrus cloud thinning technique. These clouds are composed mainly of ice crystals and they have greenhouse property. They let the solar radiation pass through and reach the surface, but trap the higher wavelength infrared radiation emitted from the earth, thereby contributing to the heating. If these clouds are reduced by some engineering interventions, it would allow the IR radiation from the earth, too, to pass through to space, thus allowing some of the heat to dissipate and hence cool the planet.
Ques:
6
Acid rain is due to air pollution by–
Correct Answer:
(D)
Nitrous oxide and Sulphur dioxide
Acid rain is caused by a chemical reaction that begins when a compound like sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are released into the air. These substances can rise very high into the atmosphere where they mix and react with water, oxygen and other chemical to form more acidic pollutants. When these pollutants fall on the surface with rain, it is termed acid rain. Normally, the pH value of acid rain is less than 5.6. Notably, the pH value of pure water is 7.0.
Ques:
7
Consider the following statements:
1. Bioremediation is using living microorganisms to degrade environmental contaminants into less toxic forms.
2. Bioremediation uses naturally occurring bacteria, fungi, and plants to degrade substances hazardous to human health.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct Answer:
(C)
Both 1 and 2
Bioremediation is using living microorganisms to degrade environmental contaminants into less toxic forms.
Bioremediation uses naturally occurring bacteria, fungi, and plants to degrade or detoxify substances hazardous to human health and/or the environment.
The microorganisms may be indigenous to a contaminated area or isolated from elsewhere and brought to the contaminated site.
Bioremediation has gained significant attention in recent years due to its potential to address various environmental challenges, from oil spills to contaminated soil and groundwater.
Ques:
8
Consider the following statements regarding Bio-Venting:
1. It involves supplying oxygen and nutrients through aqueous solutions through contaminated soils to accelerate naturally occurring microorganisms and degrade organic impurities.
2. It involves supplying oxygen and nutrients through aqueous solutions through contaminated soils to accelerate naturally occurring microorganisms and degrade organic impurities.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct Answer:
(A)
1 only
Bio-Venting
Bio-Venting involves supplying oxygen and nutrients through aqueous solutions through contaminated soils to accelerate naturally occurring microorganisms and degrade organic impurities.
Bio-Sparging
Bio-Sparging involves the pressurised injection of air below the water table to increase the content of groundwater oxygen concentration and the rate of biological degradation of wastes by naturally occurring microorganisms.
Bio-Augmentation
Bio-Augmentation involves continuously adding microorganisms (indigenous or exogenous) to the contaminated sites.
Ques:
9
Consider the following statements regarding 'Bioremediation'. It involves the use of bacteria and fungi to:
Clean up aquifers.
Clean up toxic dumps
Clean up oil spills
Cure bacterial and fungal disease
Choose the correct answer using the codes given below:
Correct Answer:
(C)
1, 2 and 3 only
Bioremediation is a branch of biotechnology that employs the use of living organisms, like microbes and bacteria, in the removal of contaminants, pollutants, and toxins from soil, water, and other environments. Bioremediation may be used to clean up contaminated groundwater or environmental problems, such as oil spills.
Ques:
10
In the context of solving pollution problems, what is/are the advantage/ advantages of bioremediation technique?
It is a technique for cleaning up pollution by enhancing the same biodegradation process that occurs in nature.
Any contaminant with heavy metals such as cadmium and lead can be readily and completely treated by bioremediation using microorganisms.
Genetic engineering can be used to create microorganisms specifically designed for bioremediation.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Correct Answer:
(C)
1 and 3 only
Bioremediation technique
Bioremediation is a treatment that uses naturally occurring organisms to break down hazardous substances into less toxic or non-toxic substances. It uses microorganisms to degrade organic contaminants in soil, groundwater, sludge, and solids.
The bioremediation technique is a technique for cleaning up pollution by enhancing the same biodegradation process that occurs in nature.
Not all contaminants are easily treated by bioremediation using microorganisms. For example, heavy metals such as cadmium and lead are not readily absorbed or captured by microorganisms.
Bioremediation is limited to biodegradable compounds. So statement 2 is incorrect.
Bioremediation is the use of microorganisms mainly bacteria and fungi to degrade the environmental contaminants into less toxic forms.
Genetic engineering can be used to create microorganisms specifically designed for bioremediation.