Correct Answer:
(C) Who mostly remain non-poor but sometimes they become poor
Cyclical poverty refers to poverty that may be widespread throughout a population, but the occurrence itself is of limited duration. This could be caused by temporary job loss and food scarcities due to natural phenomenon or by fluctuations in the business cycle, with mass unemployment during periods of depression or series recession. Thus, the cyclic poor are those who mostly remain non-poor but sometimes they become poor. This cyclic poverty depends on the ebb and flow of the national and global economy.
Ques: 2
In which year UNO adopted a definition of absolute poverty?
Correct Answer:
(B) 1995
In 1995, UNO adopted a definition of absolute poverty. As per the definition, absolute poverty is a condition characterized by severe deprivation of basic human needs, including food, safe drinking water, sanitation facilities, health, shelter, education and information. It depends not only on income but also on access to services. According to the latest official estimates of the World Bank, in 2024, 8.5 percent of the world’s population or 700 million people lived on less than 2.15 US$ (2022 PPP; International Poverty Line) a day.
Ques: 3
The idea of 'Cultural Poverty' was given by :
Correct Answer:
(A) Oscar Lewis
The idea of 'Cultural Poverty' (or Culture of Poverty) was given by the American anthropologist Oscar Lewis. Lewis described the culture of poverty as a way of life, clusters of traits of some of poor people, that develop as an adaptation to living in poverty in a capitalist society, and from then are passed through generations.
Ques: 4
Consider the following statements regarding ‘Rural poverty’:
People are living in non-urban regions.
People are lacking financial resources and essentials for living.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct Answer:
(C) Both 1 and 2
Rural poverty refers to situations where people living in non-urban regions are in a state or condition of lacking the financial resources and essentials for living. It takes account of factors of rural society, rural economy, and political systems that give rise to the marginalization and economic disadvantage found there.
Ques: 5
Consider the following statements regarding ‘Absolute poverty’:
Absolute poverty is when households receive 50% less than average household incomes.
This makes it impossible for the person or family to meet basic needs of life including food, shelter, safe drinking water, education, healthcare, etc.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct Answer:
(B) 2 only
Absolute poverty is when household income is below a certain level. This makes it impossible for the person or family to meet basic needs of life including food, shelter, safe drinking water, education, healthcare, etc.
Relative poverty is when households receive 50% less than average household incomes. So they do have some money but still not enough money to afford anything above the basics.
Ques: 6
Consider the following statements regarding ‘Relative Poverty’:
It is a situation where individuals lack sufficient income to maintain an average standard of living.
It is sometimes described as “relative deprivation”.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct Answer:
(C) Both 1 and 2
Relative poverty is when households receive 50% less than average household incomes. So they do have some money but still not enough money to afford anything above the basics. This type of poverty is, on the other hand, changeable depending on the economic growth of the country.
Relative poverty is sometimes described as “relative deprivation” because the people falling under this category are not living in total poverty. They are not, however, enjoying the same standard of life as everyone else in the country. It can be TV, internet, clean clothes, a safe home (a healthy environment, free from abuse or neglect), or even education.
Ques: 7
Consider the following statements regarding ‘Situational Poverty’:
It is a result of a specific event or circumstance.
It is typically long-term and cannot be resolved.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct Answer:
(A) 1 only
Situational poverty is a temporary state of financial hardship caused by specific, often unexpected circumstances like job loss, a medical emergency, or a natural disaster. Unlike chronic poverty, it's typically short-term and can be resolved with assistance or by addressing the underlying issue.
Ques: 8
Consider the following statements regarding ‘Generational Poverty’:
It is a long-term cycle where poverty is passed down through multiple generation.
It is characterized by limited access to resources and opportunities.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct Answer:
(C) Both 1 and 2
Generational poverty is a term to describe a family who has been considered impoverished for two or more generations. Families stuck in the cycle of generational poverty often have many commonalities that may include illiteracy, lack of land ownership, lack of education, and lack of job stability.
Ques: 9
Consider the following statements regarding ‘Urban poverty’:
Urban poverty involves the lack of financial means and resources to meet basic needs like food, shelter, and healthcare.
The urban poor is largely the overflow of the rural poor who migrate to urban areas in search of alternative employment and livelihood.
Which of the statements given about is/are correct?
Correct Answer:
(C) Both 1 and 2
Urban poverty refers to the state of lacking the financial resources and access to basic necessities in urban areas, leading to a substandard standard of living. It is characterized by inadequate housing, limited access to services, and insufficient job opportunities. Urban poverty is a significant social problem with various contributing factors, including economic inequality, high living costs, and lack of affordable housing.
The urban poor is largely the overflow of the rural poor who migrate to urban areas in search of alternative employment and livelihood.
Lack of infrastructure in rural areas (push factor), rapid Industrialisation in urban areas (pull factor) leading to migration due to asymmetrical development.