Gandhi and his early Movements MCQ Practice Questions
Ques: 1
In which of the following colleges, Gandhiji had studied?
Correct Answer:
(A) Samaldas College, Bhavnagar
Gandhiji studied in Samaldas Arts College, Bhavnagar during the year of 1885.
Ques: 2
Which of the following international events influenced the course of the national movement in India before the advent of Mahatma Gandhi?
Italian-Abyssinian War, 1898
Boxer Movement in China
Revolutionary Movement in Ireland
Victory of Japan in the Russo-Japanese War
Code :
Correct Answer:
(D) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Before the advent of Mahatma Gandhi, the Italian Abyssinian War, 1898 (In which the Colonial power of Italy was defeated), Boxer Movement (1899-1901) in China and Victory of Japan in the Russo-Japanese War were the International events that influenced the course of the National Movement in India but the Victory of Japan over Russia in 1905, influenced most. After defeating Russia in 1905, Japan proved itself as a dominant country through its military approach over a powerful country of Europe. Thus, the delusions were resolved that the white people are invincible.
Ques: 3
Name of the magazine published by Mahatma Gandhi during his stay in South Africa, was-:
Correct Answer:
(D) Indian Opinion
In 1894 Gandhiji founded ‘ Natal Indian Congress’ in South Africa and during this long Movement in South Africa he got imprisonment several times. He founded the ‘Tolstoy Farm’ with his associates and started living there. He published a magazine “Indian Opinion” in South Africa and founded “ Phoenix Farm” in December 1904 in Durban.
Ques: 4
M.K. Gandhi was a supporter of –
Correct Answer:
(D) Philosophical anarchism
In Gandhiji’s thought the emphasis is not on idealism, but on practical idealism, Gandhi’s thought has also been linked to Utopian socialism and Philosophical Anarchism and can be compared with strands of Marxist (though not a western philosophy) and even western liberal thought. He believed that in the concept of ideal non-violent state, every citizen would have the feeling of self-governance and in this stage, there would be no need for the state to comply with the law of the land.
Ques: 5
The twin principles of Mahatma Gandhi’s Ram Rajya were?
Correct Answer:
(B) Truth and non-violence
Truth and non-violence are twin principles of Mahatma Gandhi’s Ram Rajya. He used truth and non-violence as the base to develop a new society of his dream. Some people believe that the truth policy of Mahatma Gandhi is inspired by Hindu religion and non-violence from Buddha, Jain, and Christian ideology.
Ques: 6
According to Gandhiji Non-Violence is:
Correct Answer:
(A) A way to attain truth
According to Gandhi’s philosophy ‘Truth’ stands for ‘reality.’ He described Truth as existence, consciousness and Bliss (sat, sit and ananda). He said ‘Ahimsa’ or ‘Non-violence’ is the means; Truth is the end. They are so intertwined that it is impossible to separate them. According to Gandhiji, the cruellest form of violence is the persistence of poverty.
Ques: 7
Which of the following may be true regarding Gandhi?
Correct Answer:
(D) An Individualist among Socialist and a Marxist among Socialist
Gandhi’s thought has been linked to philosophical anarchism and can be compared with strands of Marxist thought. But during present circumstances, he was not in the favour to abolish the state. Human being is not capable enough to manage their collective affairs on their own. Hence, State and law are required in the society. In addition to this, he also believed that the jurisdiction of the State should be minimum. Gandhi told Louis Fischer "I am a true socialist. The meaning of my socialism is Sarvodaya." There is a great similarity between Gandhi and Marx, the final aim of both of them was to establish a stateless and classless society, but their means of achieving this aim was different. For Gandhi, it was through non-violence, but for Marx, it was through violent means.
Ques: 8
Which one of the following was the last step in the Gandhian strategy of Satyagraha?
Correct Answer:
(D) Strike
The strike was the last step in Gandhian strategy of Satyagraha while fasting was the first step in Gandhian strategy of Satyagraha. He termed fasting as ‘Fire Arrow’.
Ques: 9
Which of the following statements is not true as per Gandhian Principle?
Correct Answer:
(A) The aim of Satyagrahi is to defeat the enemy.
Gandhi’s Satyagraha means non-violence, as a force greater than violence. Suffering was its driving force, once let the oppressors use as much force as they can on the non-violent protesters until a stage come when they can incur no more violence. Hence there is no motive to defeat the enemy but to change their perception.
Ques: 10
In which year Gandhi returned from South Africa?
Correct Answer:
(A) 1915
Gandhiji lived approx. 21 years in South Africa. In 1893 at the age of 24, he went to South Africa to appear in a case of Gujarati merchant Dada Abdulla. In January, 1915 Mahatma Gandhi returned from South Africa and people warmly welcomed him. The struggles and success in South Africa made him very popular in India. In India, he came in contact with Gopal Krishna Gokhale and accepted him as his political mentor. He linked himself to India’s active politics under the influence of Gopal Krishna Gokhale.
Ques: 11
In which of the following railway stations of South Africa, Mahatma Gandhi was thrown out of the train?
Correct Answer:
(B) Pietermaritzburg
Gandhi arrived in Durban, South Africa in 1893 to serve as legal counsel to the merchant Dada Abdulla. In June, he was asked by Dada Abdulla to undertake a trip to Pretoria in the Transvaal, a journey which first took Gandhi to Pietermaritzburg. There Gandhi was seated in the first-class compartment since he had purchased a first-class ticket. A European who entered the compartment hastened to summon railway officials, who ordered Gandhi to shift himself to the van compartment since ‘coolies’ and non-whites were apparently not permitted in first-class compartments. Gandhi protested and produced his ticket, but was warned that he would be forcibly removed if he did not make a gracious exit. As Gandhi refused to comply with the order, he was summarily pushed out of the train, and his luggage was tossed out on to the platform.
Ques: 12
With reference to the British colonial rule in India, consider the following statements :
Mahatma Gandhi was instrumental in the abolition of the system of 'indentured labour'.
In Lord Chelmsford's 'War conference', Mahatma Gandhi did not support the resolution on recruiting Indians for World War.
Consequent upon the breaking of Salt Law by Indian people, the Indian National Congress was declared illegal by the colonial rulers.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Correct Answer:
(B) 1 and 3 only
Ques: 13
Which one of the following sessions of Indian National Congress was for the first time attended by M.K. Gandhi:
Correct Answer:
(B) Calcutta Session, 1901
Mahatma Gandhi attended the Calcutta session of Indian National Congress in the year 1901 for the first time. During this session, his resolution about South Africa was passed. This session was presided over by Sir Dinshan Edulji Wacha. It is noteworthy that during his stay in South Africa, Gandhiji came to India in 1901 and established his law office in Bombay.
Ques: 14
Sabarmati Ashram, established by Mahatma Gandhi during India’s Independence movement, is located on the outskirts of :
Correct Answer:
(B) Ahmedabad
Gandhi’s Satyagraha Ashram was originally established at the Kocharab Bungalow of Jivanlal Desai, a barrister, and friend of Gandhi. At that time, the Ashram was called the Satyagraha Ashram. But Gandhi wanted to carry out various activities such as farming and animal husbandry, in addition to other pursuits which required a much larger area of usable land. So, two years later, on 17 June 1917, the Ashram was relocated to an area of thirty-six acres on the banks of the River Sabarmati, in Ahmedabad and later came to be known as the Sabarmati Ashram.
Ques: 15
Which one of the following Ashrams related to Mahatma Gandhi, is the oldest?
Correct Answer:
(B) Phoenix
Gandhi purchased some land near Phoenix station and established the Phoenix settlement in mid-1904. It was reopened on 27 February, 2000. It was the first Ashram established by Gandhiji.
Ques: 16
Where did Gandhiji adopt ‘Seva Dharma’?
Correct Answer:
(C) South Africa
During his stay in South Africa, Mahatma Gandhi rendered his services as an attendant to the helpless poor patients in the charity hospitals of Rustomjee. Here, he gave his voluntary services as a compounder. He also served there the wounded soldiers of the Boer War.
Ques: 17
As per Mahatma Gandhi politics meant –
Correct Answer:
(B) Activity for public welfare
For Gandhi, politics meant social welfare and public welfare. The most important suggestion about politics from Gandhiji was ‘decentralization of power’. For him, the decentralization meant to encourage the village Panchayats and control their local administration.
Ques: 18
Which of the following is not a feature of politics of the Gandhian model?
Correct Answer:
(D) Authority
The paradigm of politics presented by Gandhiji is the combination of three elements – morality, religion and humanity. But in Gandhian political model, there is no place for authority. He wanted to establish a Stateless Society.
Ques: 19
Who amongst the following coined the word ‘Satyagraha’?
Correct Answer:
(B) Mahatma Gandhi
The nephew of Mahatma Gandhi, Magan Lal Gandhi first used the term ‘Sada Graha’ during a competition for which he was rewarded. Satyagraha means truth and rigidity. Later on, Gandhi improvised the word as ‘Satyagraha.’ Hence, it is clear that the word ‘Satyagraha’ was used firstly by Gandhi.
Ques: 20
During the India’s struggle for Independence which was the first to start ‘Satyagraha’?
Correct Answer:
(D) Mahatma Gandhi
Satyagraha is a term comprising two words; Satya or truth, and Agrah or insistence. Hence, in its loose English interpretation, Satyagraha means 'insistence on truth'. The Champaran Satyagraha of 1917 was Mahatma Gandhi’s first successful Satyagraha.
Ques: 21
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi is best known for which of the following?
Correct Answer:
(A) Use of passive resistance to achieve Indian Independence.
Struggle done by Gandhi in South Africa was termed as ‘Inactive resistance ‘but later Gandhi chose the word ‘Satyagraha’ in place of inactive resistance. Satyagraha was the term, which was used most during the freedom struggle. But Gandhi differentiated between Satyagraha and inactive resistance. As per him, inactive resistance is a political tool, whereas Satyagraha is moral power. He differentiated Inactive Resistance and Satyagraha by comparing it with the north and the south pole.
Ques: 22
Who among of the following had told: “destruction is the best method of dealing with the foreign clothes”?
Correct Answer:
(B) Mahatma Gandhi
Mahatma Gandhi told destruction is the best method of dealing with foreign clothes. Gandhi related this destruction with the self-respect of Nation.