Who amongst the following drafted the 'Sarvodaya Plan'?
Correct Answer:
(B)
Jai Prakash Narayan
In 1950, Jai Prakash Narayan drafted the 'Sarvodaya Plan' inspired by Gandhian ideals to chart a future map for India's development and 1954 onwards, he dedicated his life to the Sarvodaya Movement to establish true socialism.
Ques:
32
Consider the following about the 'Rolling Plan' :
A plan for the current year which includes the annual budget
A plan for a fixed number of years, say 3, 4 or 5
It is revised every year as per requirements of the economy
A perspective plan for 10, 15 or 20 years
Which of the above are correct?
Correct Answer:
(D)
1, 2, 3 and 4
The 'Rolling Plan' for backward countries was suggested by Gunnar Myrdal in his book 'Indian Economic Planning in its Broader Setting'. The Rolling Plan consists of three different plans. First, a plan for the current year which includes the annual budget and second, a plan fixed for a fixed number of years, which may be 3, 4 or 5 years. As per the requirement of the economy, it is revised every year. Third, a perspective plan for long terms i.e. 10, 15 or 20 years. The main advantage of the Rolling Plans was that they were flexible and were able to overcome the rigidity of fixed Five Year Plans by mending targets, the object of the exercise, projections and allocations as per the changing conditions in the country's economy.
Ques:
33
The strategy adopted under IRDP in the Seventh Plan was :
Correct Answer:
(A)
Adoption of total household approach
The Integrated Rural Development Programme (IRDP) was launched in 1978-79 (during the Seventh Plan) in order to deal with the dimensions of rural poverty in the country. The programme covered small and marginal farmers, agricultural workers and landless labourers and rural craftsmen and artisans and virtually all the families of about 5 persons with an annual income level below Rs. 3500. The main aim of IRDP was to raise the levels of the BPL families in the rural areas above the poverty line on a lasting basis by giving them income generating assets and access to credit and other inputs.
Ques:
34
What is privatization?
Correct Answer:
(A)
Transfer of public sector assets to private entities
The transfer of ownership of public sector assets or enterprises to private entities is indeed called privatization. This process involves the government relinquishing control and ownership to private individuals or companies.
Ques:
35
Which of the following is a primary objective of privatization?
Correct Answer:
(B)
Improve efficiency in service delivery
Improving efficiency in service delivery is a commonly cited objective of privatization. Privatization aims to introduce market forces and competition, potentially leading to better quality services, innovation, and reduced costs. Private companies are often seen as having a stronger incentive to cut inefficiencies and focus on productivity due to their profit motive.
Ques:
36
What is one major benefit of privatization in India?
Correct Answer:
(B)
Increased tax revenue from private companies
Increased tax revenue is a significant benefit of privatization in India. When public sector enterprises are privatized and transferred to private ownership, the private sector companies generate profits and pay taxes, contributing to increased government revenue. This increased tax revenue can then be used to fund public services and other government initiatives.
Ques:
37
Which sector in India has seen significant privatization since the 1990s?
Correct Answer:
(B)
Telecommunications
The telecommunications sector has experienced a significant shift towards privatization since the 1990s. This trend has been driven by economic liberalization, with governments opening up the sector to private operators and encouraging competition. The entry of private players has led to increased investment, infrastructure development, and a wider range of services, particularly in areas like mobile telephony and internet access.
Ques:
38
Which of the following is a demerit of privatization?
Correct Answer:
(B)
Higher prices for consumers
Higher prices for consumers can be a demerit of privatization. When a government-run service or asset is privatized, the private company may charge higher prices to maximize profits, potentially making services less accessible or unaffordable for some consumers.