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Adverse Effects Following Immunization (AEFI)
There is no such thing as a “perfect” vaccine which protects everyone who receives it and is entirely safe for everyone. A perfect vaccine would be one which provides 100% protection against a pathogen without any side effects. This does not happen in reality. Thus, all vaccines have some downsides or side effects.
Effective vaccines (i.e., vaccines inducing protective immunity) may produce some undesirable side effects which are mostly mild and clear up quickly. These are vaccines that provide robust protections (high immunogenicity) with low side effects or harm to the person.
AEFIs can be related to the vaccine itself (product or quality defect-related reactions), to the vaccination process (error or stress related reactions) or can occur independently from vaccination (coincidental) and are classified as
Vaccine product-related reaction
Vaccine quality defect-related reaction
Immunization error-related reaction
Immunization anxiety-related reaction
Coincidental reaction