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MAURYAN PERIOD
Cave temples were cut in India for the first time during the Mauryan Period. Barabar Hill caves were cut during Ashoka’s reign and Nagarjuni Hill Caves were carved out under the patronage of his grandson Dasaratha. These caves were donated to the monks of Ajivika sect.
Barabar Hill consists Lomas Rishi cave, Sudama Cave, Karna Chaupar Cave and Visvakarma Cave. The Nagarjuni Hill consists Gopi cave, Vadithi Cave and Vapiya Cave. These caves are located in Jehanabad district of Bihar.
An important Fact for Prelims: Ashokan Inscriptions (Found on the walls of caves) refer Barabar Hills as ‘Khalatika mountain’.